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THE MAKING OF EUROPE / EARLY EUROPEAN HISTORY

From Hutton Webster's, Early European History (1917); edited for this on-line publication, by ELLOPOS

XXIV. THE REFORMATION AND THE RELIGIOUS WARS, 1517-1648 A.D.

Em. Macron, Rediscovering the Path to Europe

» Contents of this Chapter

Decline of the Papacy   * Heresies and Heretics   * Martin Luther and the Beginning of the Reformation in Germany, 1517-1522 A.D.   * Charles V and the Spread of the German Reformation, 1519-1556 A.D.   * The Reformation in Switzerland: Zwingli and Calvin   * The English Reformation, 1533-1558 A.D.   * The Protestant Sects   * The Catholic Counter Reformation   * Spain under Philip II, 1556-1598 A.D.   * Revolt of the Netherlands   * England under Elizabeth, 1558-1603 A.D.   * The Huguenot Wars in France   * The Thirty Years' War, 1618-1648 A.D.

Page 31

SPAIN UNDER PHILIP II, 1556-1598 A.D.

ABDICATION OF CHARLES V, 1555-1556 A.D.

In 1555 A.D., the year of the Peace of Augsburg, Charles V determined to abdicate his many crowns and seek the repose of a monastery. The plan was duly carried into effect. His brother Ferdinand I succeeded to the title of Holy Roman Emperor and the Austrian territories, while his son, Philip II, received the Spanish possessions in Italy, the Netherlands, and America. There were now two branches of the Hapsburg family—one in Austria and one in Spain.

PHILIP II

The new king of Spain was a man of unflagging energy, strong will, and deep attachment to the Roman Church. As a ruler he had two great ideals: to make Spain the foremost state in the world and to secure the triumph of the Roman Catholic faith over Protestantism. His efforts to realize these ideals largely determined European history during the second half of the sixteenth century.

 

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THE MAKING OF EUROPE / EARLY EUROPEAN HISTORY: Table of Contents

url: www.ellopos.net/politics/european-history/default.asp

IN PRINT

Cf. The Ancient Greece * The Ancient Rome
Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantium) * Western Medieval Europe * Renaissance in Italy