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CAPTURE OF TYRE, 332 B.C.
The next step was to subdue the Phoenician city of Tyre,
the headquarters of Persia's naval power. The city lay on a rocky island, half
a mile from the shore. Its fortifications rose one hundred feet above the
waves. Although the place seemed impregnable, Alexander was able to capture it
after he had built a mole, or causeway, between the shore and the island.
Powerful siege engines then breached the walls, the Macedonians poured in, and
Tyre fell by storm. Thousands of its inhabitants perished and thousands more
were sold into slavery. The great emporium of the East became a heap of ruins.
ALEXANDER IN EGYPT
From Tyre Alexander led his ever-victorious army through
Syria into Egypt. The Persian forces here offered little resistance, and the
Egyptians themselves welcomed Alexander as a deliverer. The conqueror entered
Memphis in triumph and then sailed down the Nile to its western mouth, where he
laid the foundations of Alexandria, a city which later became the metropolis of
the Orient.
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