From Hutton Webster's, Early European History (1917); edited for this on-line publication, by ELLOPOS
Page 28
OTHER MEDITERRANEAN COLONIES
In Corsica, Sardinia, and on the coast of Spain Carthage
also proved too obstinate a rival for the Greeks to gain much of a foothold.
The city of Massilia (Marseilles), at the mouth of the Rhone, was their chief
settlement in ancient Gaul. Two colonies on the southern shore of the
Mediterranean were Cyrene, west of Egypt, and Naucratis, in the Delta of the
Nile. From this time many Greek travelers visited Egypt to see the wonders of
that strange old country.
RESULTS OF COLONIZATION
Energetic Greeks, the greatest colonizers of antiquity,
thus founded settlements from the Black Sea to the Atlantic Ocean. "All
the Greek colonies" says an ancient writer, "are washed by the waves
of the sea, and, so to speak, a fringe of Greek earth is woven on to foreign
lands." [28] To distinguish themselves from the foreigners, or
"barbarians," [29] about them, the Greeks began to call themselves by
the common name of Hellenes. Hellas, their country, came to include all the
territory possessed by Hellenic peoples. The life of the Greeks, henceforth,
was confined no longer within the narrow limits of the Aegean. Wherever rose a
Greek city, there was a scene of Greek history.
[28] Cicero, De republica , ii, 4.
[29] Greek barbaroi , "men of confused
speech."
THE MAKING OF EUROPE / EARLY EUROPEAN HISTORY: Table of Contents
url:
www.ellopos.net/politics/european-history/default.asp
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Cf. The Ancient Greece * The Ancient Rome
Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantium) * Western Medieval Europe * Renaissance in Italy