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Three Millennia of Greek Literature
 

Aristotle Bilingual Anthology : ONE

from Aristotle's Metaphysics, * 1015b16-1017a6, translated by W. D. Ross, Greek Fonts


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Page 6

(c) Two things are called one, when the definition which states the essence of one is indivisible from another definition which shows us the other (though in itself every definition is divisible). Thus even that which has increased or is diminishing is one, because its definition is one, as, in the case of plane figures, is the definition of their form. In general those things the thought of whose essence is indivisible, and cannot separate them either in time or in place or in definition, are most of all one, and of these especially those which are substances. For in general those things that do not admit of division are called one in so far as they do not admit of it; e.g. if two things are indistinguishable qua man, they are one kind of man; if qua animal, one kind of animal; if qua magnitude, one kind of magnitude.-Now most things are called one because they either do or have or suffer or are related to something else that is one, but the things that are primarily called one are those whose substance is one,-and one either in continuity or in form or in definition; for we count as more than one either things that are not continuous, or those whose form is not one, or those whose definition is not one.

ἔτι δὲ ἓν λέγεται ὅσων ὁ λόγος ὁ τὸ τί ἦν εἶναι λέγων ἀδιαίρετος πρὸς ἄλλον τὸν δηλοῦντα [τί ἦν εἶναι] τὸ πρᾶγμα (αὐτὸς γὰρ καθ΄ αὑτὸν πᾶς λόγος διαιρετός). οὕτω γὰρ καὶ τὸ ηὐξημένον καὶ φθῖνον ἕν ἐστιν͵ ὅτι ὁ λόγος εἷς͵ ὥσπερ ἐπὶ τῶν ἐπιπέδων ὁ τοῦ εἴδους. ὅλως δὲ ὧν ἡ νόησις ἀδιαίρετος ἡ νοοῦσα τὸ τί ἦν εἶναι͵ καὶ μὴ δύναται χωρίσαι μήτε χρόνῳ μήτε τόπῳ μήτε λόγῳ͵ μάλιστα ταῦτα ἕν͵ καὶ τούτων ὅσα οὐσίαι· καθόλου γὰρ ὅσα μὴ ἔχει διαίρεσιν͵ ᾗ μὴ ἔχει͵ ταύτῃ ἓν λέγεται͵ οἷον εἰ ᾗ ἄνθρωπος μὴ ἔχει διαίρεσιν͵ εἷς ἄνθρωπος͵ εἰ δ΄ ᾗ ζῷον͵ ἓν ζῷον͵ εἰ δὲ ᾗ μέγεθος͵ ἓν μέγεθος. τὰ μὲν οὖν πλεῖστα ἓν λέγεται τῷ ἕτερόν τι ἢ ποιεῖν ἢ ἔχειν ἢ πάσχειν ἢ πρός τι εἶναι ἕν͵ τὰ δὲ πρώτως λεγόμενα ἓν ὧν ἡ οὐσία μία͵ μία δὲ ἢ συνεχείᾳ ἢ εἴδει ἢ λόγῳ· καὶ γὰρ ἀριθμοῦμεν ὡς πλείω ἢ τὰ μὴ συνεχῆ ἢ ὧν μὴ ἓν τὸ εἶδος ἢ ὧν ὁ λόγος μὴ εἷς.

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Reference address : https://www.ellopos.net/elpenor/greek-texts/ancient-Greece/aristotle_one.asp?pg=6